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Stem rust on wheat in Ireland


A ProMED-mail post <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bczGkw5NaxKViInVN3o8WI7SkfPjCplYcnrvkSnR7vDdzBseB4Z4JgOzMtf4NyhKwZ-87t_ekCqY4X1TR9IACFg~~>

ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bJcYJd1UM9bbZyueyHGqCfuWBsCz6JLr6QpMnBNG04Pz2V8akThtcwE1bjLVZbAR2-PZoubzhx-ALOhYt6Kir6w~~>

Date: Wed 29 Jul 2020

Source: Farmers Guardian [abridged, edited] <https://url.emailprotection.link/?b_0KThN_f2kfWLs9Fy2drowoj3AeXNJFPpHACf7tMzDX-5W3R3LZOP_jbEkxg9p0GyoadOkdnVBLcZq27B8pZggKLU99NFQdvVM3oMp3oEXWorrhraaehHp2yNHt6uloSI1wUPbaXniAx8HySkfD9g1UJwAyEOQPdlN4nmWgdWuY~>

Symptoms of what is believed to be stem rust disease were found in untreated plots of winter wheat at 4 sites at Oak Park Crop Research Centre [of Agriculture and Food Development Authority Teagasc] in Carlow. Teagasc's Dr Steven Kildea says it is the 1st time he has seen the disease in the field in his 15-year career. "The disease that has been in Ireland before, however it is quite some time since it has been detected." The fact the disease was only found in untreated plots and in no commercial crops is good news, he adds.

Dr Diane Saunders, John Innes Centre [UK] says stem rust has been responsible for severe epidemics in western Europe, but not for a number of decades. "It was not of major concern, but the climate is becoming more unpredictable and it could potentially take off one year. The fact that the disease is rare and tends to only occur late in the season means it is not necessarily recorded or recognised. It would be useful to know of small infections."

[Byline: Alice Dyer]

--

Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>

[Wheat stem rust (_Puccinia graminis_, previously f.sp. _tritici_) has been reported to cause overall yield losses of up to 80 percent, but some fields are totally destroyed. Barley is also susceptible to this pathogen. Stem rust spores are spread by wind and with infected straw or other contaminated materials. The fungus can survive between seasons on some grasses or volunteer wheat generating a "green bridge". Alternatively, it can also produce hardy teliospores to infect members of the genus _Berberis_ (barberries) in the next season, which then serve as a source of crop inoculum. Disease monitoring is important so that timely action can be taken to limit the spread of the pathogen as well as build-up of inoculum. Disease management may include fungicide applications, control of volunteer wheat, and resistant varieties if available.

Races with increased virulence are emerging frequently and resistance breeding programmes have been set up by several countries and international groups. One of the most serious threats at present is considered to be the Ug99 family of strains (first discovered in Uganda in 1999), which have overcome the major resistance gene Sr31 used in our current wheat varieties. Additional resistance genes have been overcome by subsequent variants (see for example, ProMED-mail post https://url.emailprotection.link/?bkuBwQzYefEqX1rlR48htlUoyk17kslzhGlI2D9T-uZwlCjQSzCE08-HJ4CQgA3TCCCxSlN1UYBC1g_iaW-KWDbYRIW5yC_Nx0zm1ag8bxfOkcNc5T6q3GXWBmBGpCMXE). New strains not related to Ug99 are also posing a danger, for example the Digalu strain with 2 distinct genotypes spreading in Europe and present in the UK (ProMED-mail post https://url.emailprotection.link/?bqKtknnDErFHIF1xNo0vZVFD4UMk6idi2E7UgOFaaBwYAahru4t2FsK_tC05coOsvBn5sJc_IBnWR1vM3y89dD4EhrcYP-o4o0U9zYYwIZPcq8NJaekbNlDykJHZBQ-9R),

for which variants with virulence to 4 additional host resistance genes have been identified.

Stem rust is currently being considered a re-emerging disease in Europe. After its long absence from the region, many wheat varieties planted there now are susceptible. In the UK, the teliospore host barberry has been planted increasingly as habitat for the endangered barberry carpet moth and is suspected to have given rise to a recent outbreak of stem rust in barley (ProMED-mail post https://url.emailprotection.link/?b_CIm0-B-1XY93KKFHx87XQOSC_SP3Gh8fsA5kifp1gUqKxiuuAqnt4u6nk0NRUkQ8Uf86PvFOWEdVEed62G3IEL-68o_NOl0ex5QLQ9fV6BPuWeHMoOmzTCsHunA0z8Y).

 

Maps

Ireland:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b5NT7GkryxnN_kHdXvFw3U2E-uoli44B2oiycq0PRgIt_twPzMaBCMdAE851tawpK_o6ALKeVCSpVypKZr7PT506WL6C0viQtZW6-YfN29VHSvRrEhZdQeICuy69RSaLN>

and

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b05QFwqPTij9Or0JNntK2Ta028HK0Hy9cXDrxF4Qezb2WLqaeLpMTycw_2dDviZbArhw37pzlNSXHdR0dvnvvPw~~>

Irish counties:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bOWprkL911CZL_FjoTXWx4SQQlJAkYM3-5vFwo6TCX_OOUvEloM_LUSN9q-DghGRtOI7V1-4cCFxVWkF2F9cwdxsJaJSWpbYXXIRn03mrT2K2FX1XRcAPXiFgavaDWWDB>

Europe, overview:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bJpjrAQvbo_U19gfVXS2T6Yw1Lg-KmMA_jymow4eTwY7KOuAxQMRDRMkRWF25Rso5PcwVwXzDIn74mPoIvKA2o_gv75PyIqNu4qT5jw4ZGRotj3EcIBpibKjkSzKmjzky>

 

Pictures

Stem rust symptoms on wheat:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b-zuSlF_21sJmiDoOoYwFpIAWSQQVDfUa5Lxg8TDVPq9rZxIV14lhGDWbUwSHFX_cEV6e7e46fH0FkWq9yZwHlLTnLyIAE0rdquD39MiYCsc5g9JwqLVHkAUWwwpFEWUd>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bqqEjqtWjDtyqXRpd3OjEXr1NGKBQEsYFq1uLXw4QvdHBP-HBmFdJHPQq9olVHJwezokTAfcqg-SxRNzhLk3ynkoMY6KPz_6-MCZ4ej-M2SC1YDH8x6n_CjNx65XfmboEMKRGSTuZtOE-o-34H3PWQnCKwKB8utgFjBYsRLXIFVE~>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bxFz70kP2nd2gEXY7kHd5g6R_g0dAQJJNsvEO9OUzYfI07J9_ZjI_lzhpGQXGNbPpSnBcnVSKRK6IjvYOu4s7o-ei2dlLQ44Bo6RbI7QV320A3YCMejQ3QD7OhjDPx6i7bLVopIsHtJvBuDGc9B91St4Q43PP5ZZIaDBRlXoQAYE~>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bDUpSJDjwKhVoYTecyVg5UtBujuZvYGPTaEMiLKlWaSrCORE8Jq3FHex4qGXqPrrg3sjojbyHdwQS9VIO-uKma2Pbb5GIp4ghrVsGdeesoxfhRvdIaQmxv6qq_t-Oeum_I0sKelu1qwI2e3NEU4i-Z6SrIeNQY5LehHLrFjGjG6o~>,

and

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b62p9qVNqR2c5Cja46q2I3NG-GBC3A5en6rQEvgJ_JIIt_BAQDGzoFl9czgCkazl1qqyMTey5KPmd3kQ_mawGad3--FzaYgHeHBnoeuvt_y4FuW9W9oHZtwzGIWeRwWKv>

Stem rust (Ug99) effect on resistant vs. susceptible wheat cultivars:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b1Wmw9wj2N1c42NEdbQyVPfDgEOTIzp9r9W44FlGt6vLWV1hzmbOBSDgRJhbz6PY8VZX0lv2zd-8_qbqVGut2C1oPxe_QDOL0AMYOBLZ4B0QmXrBQ0bdNGl_qyRRz9mGS>

_P. graminis_ symptoms on barberry leaves:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bish08gwSSg7vRCaMQFcbjQoH1RVmdnYdwuh0COjBcCTU_nyJPuyNgfYWzX9X3b1qPBG7FmO46wYtLQuKtGcnrRxUHjtpnYChldcvZufT9mcKju3_BzGF-Dvv1cfs1mgNn-U7vMJPXDq0C2RIf8ki0Xgf63G_qaamwz5c2T0yU2RYFkKiXg4gLOB6WONAGvUhppibQvM9pWFAaBXqcoT6QA~~>

and

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bwQq7eTdAfK31exU4h8cPhK6D2x9NlkxhZ0QgBqZNlcrmirApR2Qj93x4qjz9JM43TWfpEFH6vXwKYYm5fgzOe2rhfE_lUgh5IVSRq1V32hfoUQezG9ro8xNofSaVo7XQTfC1Ijg1jqzJ7XM8zlm8CqO3xC53twqt_xnHRAu3K5M~>

 

Links

Information on wheat stem rust:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bBH2k0HXE9ymTw1i8Ih3Ac7RCjSa4WiP2btn9Hoc3MOlDx_-sysxIPDNPTJPX3L0EkSqmaGyK-rfU6RCfvRfm_jvwiQ5xkoc2XfDWqNDkbEJIuROlIyV3KsKYcjhGhmqBVH6iKnvuY7DPsehrTBuGRwyF-vBWHKdY7VOtZgNQIEs~>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bWHN3OAMkkJB8KedPXBjpiPQBWq4RoQc7mIzZT5luiGkmNxdVEg-hYgIvSGXn62FLF9YD9-Rur0faPsRqtQglLH2GCr5MdljhELDCUta0tQh5enwGTt78qKq2V2rOC-d7>, via <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bWHN3OAMkkJB8KedPXBjpiPQBWq4RoQc7mIzZT5luiGlxeTC-PuITrOxEFXk01iEk_Q5JqVOxL4Rv6PB-lV3UvmB2EY1D8ic7lu7fRnEqyGF97aLxoqiITg3Ur945yvu->, and <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bJ7ID2DTVUjTwccFOnp09ux3Wfz74LZHukhOf-vBgSkJQvmF_u3E79TAWrpCnooAZHJR1ODyeJCBA9knlXsZyMLEDHAGVIM8kkOJua46-sDxfykG3kp2NBvYH_xOPfHg9>

Stem rust disease cycle:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?brI95-OCKS1FT2WD3d7MF_PDi6WoW7Cph_20PW__ukn1lRhOK_QElN4zMPCj5zqT-R4S8agRVbkDNbJFdYKfv3lYDapzAhqXbhDQ5Ky2SSepIKKzc8JdU1U8CHQ8tJsaO>

Re-emergence of wheat stem rust in Europe (reviews):

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bEvKOBmZL4OWnP2RKjgnEpHlwWbh3B8-7P4627LTWpKSi30ukguAeCUhO7VhBJujyDuQjIS53wszbnQZExcidyYeLQyV4aYCfpEOzC-w5KhsrWLMXVjecPXFO5Jt2MpRq> and <https://url.emailprotection.link/?b0txr2s9ZBs1Ew-571sS8io8N0lO2A06UuP0Rce2-8AnGzuWPo_1jKx9RfxyY_g67s2SJ_XUxkmKqmXkika73hPbymJbfEzvIFc-al3necals_YVwU3Ywadohfv08n4Jr>

Stem rust strains nomenclature and worldwide distribution via:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b-FMlLUV9tcsd0QXffR9PLLOkoHCU1SxNtah79UXL8iwID0cQifP_JXPLpryZivV_FNFjZ6zm6ORceWD5NMRFdq76iv-t3oh1_RZvmN9RMibIdqePeEi-1NTkiXE2g-4n>

_P. graminis_ taxonomy and synonyms:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b1Q_tZlsNsEMwUDGd0sClUenRThESFEhbZDO3W6M3-AP0aJxOoUsr_s8nvN_GRXUey_O6W0O6t3hVq_132-YDPFj54HnQoC6250crmntEOwaGItE1PIoTQqgD50-WZ3IN>

and

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bj-3WqUa7mf4idw8mjv2KOmMmfKj7QPtetXGj8xy5IaJsbY3-1bHgw4UvmJj23LGIclHJTx3XHuPrURSi1UbmkE6kz255uhJPMp2nbzIj_XkHtb2HG3xB9aR3xRWSfA6g>

Global Rust Initiative:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bPDU07oEaJ9EMFtWsavTbraDOPYZqlgCPR42UlaeU2RKNyJlpTw6nHNptnHEwTfunPokBrBxxc5o5C_UvK5QbCA~~>

Teagasc Oak Park:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bRTFf0WXoi1eIDQwZ1S8cjsnPH_gUt-zl8871RWkVSBjYKdG3-sGvbZv4zqmyhvdrO-AegPcXfct9AxQMCpAtKl5Oow2dNE1JxATp0PiCWjwkFxSavd0nv46Vibzi8ORu>

John Innes Centre:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bYLBX1za01Ft0wAcmxXa8wgLknimwtUaQ3EzswbbxemO1cx1WeoO6_3f0momLrUCAf9ZJFzCXeQa5xvTNtN2akw~~>

- Mod.DHA]

 

[See Also:

2019

----

Stem rust, barley - UK: (England)

https://url.emailprotection.link/?b_CIm0-B-1XY93KKFHx87XQOSC_SP3Gh8fsA5kifp1gUqKxiuuAqnt4u6nk0NRUkQ8Uf86PvFOWEdVEed62G3IEL-68o_NOl0ex5QLQ9fV6BPuWeHMoOmzTCsHunA0z8Y

Stem rust, wheat - Kenya: (Rift Valley)

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bgls2lG8Pmqqj2wzYboGFSajE6rYjD-c0B3tFRtZfPTCKQ9QToihbGERiXC_TnRNMlLCEtuwahNHvI0XtK0hqxc64T3bD2FzhJUKe0dMyn4UWMl0LVFtPm2NBtRvyuVoA

2018

----

Stem rust, wheat - UK: Digalu strain, 1st rep https://url.emailprotection.link/?bqKtknnDErFHIF1xNo0vZVFD4UMk6idi2E7UgOFaaBwYAahru4t2FsK_tC05coOsvBn5sJc_IBnWR1vM3y89dD4EhrcYP-o4o0U9zYYwIZPcq8NJaekbNlDykJHZBQ-9R

2017

----

Stem & stripe rusts, wheat - Europe, Asia, Africa: new races https://url.emailprotection.link/?bzMsUIuEDeOaDEi1XBbZvkOq5rTtQFcPOyQdIcoGWG-p7fPlBToOAP7-Hucy_vWfitJ39eTwPnetjW1iirfZU0fuaVFYArQ5ti0wrHea-HW2Z0QpMJKrioqJrdcD7vuAP

Stripe, stem & leaf rusts, wheat - Ethiopia https://url.emailprotection.link/?bYE0Pp33O5OYvmcQQrFv0dtmCT7iA5yilF-pHjnkZXFfSjCddjqCy9UubeTNy1g9bDUodmURK7FDcAUFASPPLIrC66Riioxz3jiNgPtA4oAktlffs6-Qglqkv6S6sRMGy

Stem rust Ug99 group, wheat - Egypt: 1st report https://url.emailprotection.link/?b81SRPwo_chxfYuEo_ojlyYblwvJCQ4R8ZRzBbgQIzktl-DFHw1WC19pEUDGDhmYwkO3vB9iByks11jrJq1SCz7JVyX-yttBlF0HS8zr18pZtnP0yJHajnZRtdk9aiF-u

2015

----

Stem rust, wheat - Kenya: new strain, correction

https://url.emailprotection.link/?byGZd645mlrWPS_DbJxEIYldselgidNqc8GyKrA30c6VwW7Ppdkq37z3C3s4TKHuJGKN07EJoVgym_4VKRTKpZ9S5SViniGVCiZ0Jmzt_tMoh-XRnF_3ryrTj3XTuMuS0

Stem rust, wheat - Kenya: new strain

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bn6TTJIofudOhw94HvnQDWmKEQyNId6QyqtFB_tZ2coThmESPLDJ5Sec7hYPU1xiv3_nwpfvtjFfSFXfqslpdubMIrHVakagvfAUtllN-tu91Y47yD7rmnXYtI41MnGO0

2014

----

Stem rust, wheat - Germany: strains

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bgls2lG8Pmqqj2wzYboGFSajE6rYjD-c0B3tFRtZfPTDWcpU23jO6eiLzI870xFnNXnQVKNFuDOwV55pAREwWii4U30s_2dbabt8B1bgq_7q-616KwRdmd_LGrtuac7Yu

Stem rust, wheat - Ethiopia (02): strains https://url.emailprotection.link/?bJt332MZZpHeycciwNN5dohoa3v4k9LpvtaZ6CqYYaoNP8uAnrXRWOeTJMgslMlRwaU7Mx3UZ-35boTSOMEeqvA3A7un4L51PkZTNZxhj56Sqkff5chY9Bdk6elCwwvCv

Stem rust, wheat - Ethiopia: (southern) alert

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bVpbOzaBEFJJp6NMcWiCQ2W1VxZjOpuPkM-uuJqGZf90kP26NGaYkly8kaMHhoQyb7SwqLyL9hPgfejwG_VrZey2Ap-KeBbiAZYp-X52z_fOJROTpV5gyrOqeXZVEZHg7

2012

----

Stem & stripe rusts, wheat: double resistance breeding

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bZg8hr46I4GxTwCDJd-drBzmjmiVW9WA1Yi6Bgv8LamJSUB31GwXf4iNaCWVNmweMoXu2R-uG5EVmzHyjK4F_Bh5YiRat3Td9g-Od6S0QHDWz8k4t-40I-3H-jeSmexm7

Stem rust, wheat - Africa: new races

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bg1c2aG9wbbVTVwZYcWUfkxuiCKoxJAUb1KmRaCcbwaPEZjx5rB6Uc01g-ctje_mUIStEnD9XxSuXyadYPC_BCt_MOJ8vSd0iCP4AAl-CmDWiTYsryY5usKOCEKa4OddE

and older items in the archives]



More news from: ISID (International Society for Infectious Diseases)


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Published: July 31, 2020

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