home news forum careers events suppliers solutions markets expos directories catalogs resources advertise contacts
 
News Page

The news
and
beyond the news
Index of news sources
All Africa Asia/Pacific Europe Latin America Middle East North America
  Topics
  Species
Archives
News archive 1997-2008
 

Gibberella ear rot on maize in Ohio, USA


A ProMED-mail post <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bczGkw5NaxKViInVN3o8WI7SkfPjCplYcnrvkSnR7vDdzBseB4Z4JgOzMtf4NyhKwZ-87t_ekCqY4X1TR9IACFg~~>

ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bJcYJd1UM9bbZyueyHGqCfuWBsCz6JLr6QpMnBNG04Pz2V8akThtcwE1bjLVZbAR2-PZoubzhx-ALOhYt6Kir6w~~>

Date: Fri 12 Feb 2021

Source: Urbana Daily Citizen [abridged, edited] <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bWO8yCVuphusH529T9-2kauVb6UHquLba-DuSeyEwImRclbfmUiZXjNY7Z2i5_6fky5Ys8OOUzsVdG8Wcna7wNuyCZnIPaetSYiFWDNmUDwtEFCVRhd0aSOKqWZo5p97S>

If you had damaged corn or were rejected at an elevator because your vomitoxin levels were too high, you are not alone. This was a widespread issue across Ohio. Vomitoxin is [due to] _Gibberella_ ear rot. Like with most ear rots, there have not been clear results on management strategies. Harvesting early is very important, getting the grain cooled down and dry can stop the spread. Some hybrids are more resistant than others, but this often is not indicated. Some fungicide studies have been conducted but it has been difficult to draw conclusions. Traditional aerial applications are not as effective because the fungicide needs to reach the silks [fiber bundles at the top of ears - Mod.DHA]. Drop nozzles to the silking level were the most effective.

There are 4 different ear rots common in Ohio: _Fusarium_, _Gibberella_, _Diplodia_, and _Trichoderma_. _Gibberella_ is the only one that produces vomitoxin. This is confusing because fusarium head blight (scab) can produce vomitoxin in wheat. _Fusarium_ in corn produces fumonisin which can be toxic, especially to horses. [For] _Diplodia_, no known mycotoxins are associated with disease. [For] _Trichoderma_, mycotoxins are generally not a major concern. While these 3 do not produce vomitoxin, they can reduce yield and weight so it is still important to prevent occurrences. Crop rotation is encouraged, burying residue can reduce inoculum that survives through the winter.

[Byline: Amanda Douridas]

--

Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>

[Several species of fungi originally classified in the genus _Fusarium_ are causing a number of diseases or disease complexes in grain crops. The diseases include head blights, stalk rots, seedling root rots, and ear rots of wheat, maize, barley, rye, oats, and other crops. Pathogens affecting these hosts may be different phylogenetic species or strains which are often limited to particular regions of the world. While some of the pathogens have now been re-classified into different genera, the associated diseases are often still collectively referred to as 'fusarium diseases'.

For maize, _Gibberella zeae_ (previously _Fusarium graminearum_) causes an ear rot ("red" ear rot), but other fungi from the 'fusarium disease' group may be responsible for different ear, stalk, and kernel rots. Maize ear rots are often associated with insect damage to ears or kernels which provides easy entrance points for the fungi.

Depending on the fungal species or strains involved, as well as on environmental factors during plant growth and grain storage, fusarium diseases may also contaminate the grain with mycotoxins, for example DON (deoxynivalenol, also called vomitoxin), which can seriously affect livestock. The total crop may be lost if grain is rejected because of toxin levels. The fungi persist and multiply on infected crop residues. During moist conditions, spores of the fungi are windblown or splashed onto the heads of cereal crops. Stress conditions and lesions caused by other fungi or insects are known to increase susceptibility of host plants. Disease management generally includes timely fungicide applications, crop rotation with non-hosts and crop varieties with reduced susceptibility. Use of certified clean seeds is essential.

New fungal strains are emerging worldwide. The re-emergence of some fusarium diseases is thought to be driven mainly by changes to climate and agronomic practices (see for example, ProMED post https://url.emailprotection.link/?bxVux6PbL759f2-2-Nd8ufd-veWqWjOs7C3lLxgkPe8MX7nGmBUr86Qemz8d-e2uplv3H8h7TUt6V8X7SmcHLpslwnE4QA2VC3td8A5f0Tgmo_k9frrY5ep8cHbe7cbgh). In Canada, the emergence of a new fusarium head blight (FHB) strain of wheat with increased mycotoxin levels has been reported (ProMED post https://url.emailprotection.link/?biTsx8oUKexJKltq2o9dsxUVQCOQKdrsXRckKjf1wu68fldZg3x49PAfHqqrN7NnE0TzX1wI_eyQsFvWeMN88-vW6TsE_JcBcKMexWZNMkkvikDbWI9ei-o7rfiMpqr_u). Continuing breeding programmes for new resistant (or tolerant) crop varieties are needed to stay ahead of pathogen evolution.

 

Maps

USA:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bpGA6bxW6mbsORYKU1Q_ivUFb4wLm_ro6gEIQGyxhzqJi2JkzG0lHFUW0_XQ2J95feiPJLs1mQ7gKkSFFjKE4eF6X1USwPJtXF6mN7ijVNBhdSb7dMxEAifFEt9vyRZi1> and <https://url.emailprotection.link/?b05QFwqPTij9Or0JNntK2Ta028HK0Hy9cXDrxF4Qezb1WGn2VVZRLnpfg6z1LpLDRDTccxoQPTWeWDi3_Grd8MA~~>

Individual states via:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bN9r5Zf27ZmfZFkVZcAdZYeMFlwxCOn_TDVkph21VNC58YAogptcg-QG1MjhIJq4WbrGZklsStLtE23Vt-Y8_U5ndYXfm_4RCcToRGLHQp22ukyorFw2P5ngPN4q2EPZM>

 

Pictures

Ear rot symptoms on maize:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b4H2WqzIT8uZ9HvvNlxy0SenuXf33F6Nm8UhIO5A8aPhSXlsnq3VbVVF_v_1SyVnROZFLCFZxc6HKtPsNgirfSLbk5ioCkUahEqxGVO0HG3zx6yFV3GoroFC5Ep9-M0eu>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bZJeR9WASZgwQtuKMwQbRPnivbYO-dcBHIzexfOJnkJaVG6ARI5jUI4IUsR0WmrgayAHHcAAmL1qw7vqZS-LPDZ_BYwkUcpsYAk8UaXsQHjL4o1qg-85MJze2LfT-yz4->, and <https://url.emailprotection.link/?boXTbfi4l4a4hKHBeut5WbksKr19MTQqD2WpO7qr9E1XNxxnyhPaElYIdK2FhF0tDJu4o0Vvuw-JSnE-Y3PWrLnxTlNyurSmFgMRCAag9wTKXtwrF8Fu6x5PdfdyU6Ubx>

Comparison of different maize ear rots:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bYuQZwSLaCWm2g_tP4GaJtjRLoB-BbSs9_jYqexjFq_vNe5BKnJpZcxDdeC4EPG8vJMKhMRw9yLuShg6hr7eMqMaPdkXB2VPyaZ_-1M69k28pxT0K3L7OSvr1SD1feMKBkxeWphgCHir-lOROdKUIrfXS6Z__caUUfcNVuRr9KAE~>

and

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b9IklYx5e7Wh0jWgi7lsLBrI8WfuZ60nMIiFxABUg54aCtKwX_IRL7m5pNvcSUcCIbexogecSpAHtjbbc_DACngmzQuQfVEIRg7EEPTg98vam16NqEyh6yHQlC80_6MiRnl1N6EoQoMjH1FVkFywYas91LY5G-s9WEGjvFzqDdvw~>

Fusarium disease on maize seedling:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bD4_ULBTtVlWYpgsYXrm9fxuhykkvETBelQ8lPZhSphVpCKHSG4W_fHXI2kE5561WVaq-FTziL257S4eScacIEWrs5iYO4ttbN2Yud8aS0R-hGWH9cZVTB8i2z4uQvcxe>

 

Links

Gibberella ear rot and other fusarium diseases in maize:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bArEgYV3k977ktqv88pTeUS1NHQ9L1E0hGOwkpVt8I25oDC7sEL0QfUjPRTuzTYZ7YAi_cV7-X1jST8C1xBn3hJkfBDrHHuwHlhYf41WHAp-ikuCdsdZkRi0SwtVlj5Vb>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bIDxTuNOt_e79BMH338P6ijedssv0M07lGvmKODFrkN_eKCAdIDIOSbY5KCzoPlAG7D_reRtf3ScUD2Nkmfyp1N4YZupk5k2_kiB6IuiKp9ZYTaKOyEDYlsku0ORwbQje9SQDO674KZNDUbN4g2nLPWnBsKrzVlFkqzIohRzhvoE~>,

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b4ETEup00w1EqdrdGyoyScdYu5jm81qql2iFR4nBAjqNHXIaUuXIzRD5bXb2KUERA56bRN_ZJ9A8cU0j3nm70VjkVwaOmH1-Kh-QI-ymYn0Bhhve0ewbjRBqB7TW_qZr6>, and <https://url.emailprotection.link/?bgyFdcUkuRGUmy5O8os8ris517QpiaBMVr0KB5jYr6Fsfs98i6HpEA2Aga7nT7QQba_gdP0s3TbHDzF6MKQpeeADLLugr52C58D_XehIcHA677dRs1_uRYlYrm2MXp0NrxpilP0lpOcngrBqTRId1Datjf4ND1QfoPusKV9-j0Qs~>

Gibberella ear rot, disease cycle:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bkEA5wkTMNZO99BClW3N9uX5nQQBcaxthNc0fgvucMlQ71UPbih2D1b9i2HPDHEQm5FdrKM2cAiWrCN8Y6NvDyjs-sSC6rn4CPg1BYNHCaIM8jcdUnEmTTZCPRE6Jmu8Pn5asRj0LcXjXsWEgH5420bR7hQL1l5qJiNcXcSoMYzc~>

Mycotoxins in maize:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?bSmLpIcOWQnJ73_rIZSszu0FIgC8yeoH0AJ3lVsfikecJdZ-PUHZ9ykke-TMQM7g6BpRLKm1WX_B7XvOyNh6TsPj2mdLHHtGexB6RMC4UPWblEWUUQj0WADTNwuX4lx3S>

Fungal taxonomy and synonyms via:

<https://url.emailprotection.link/?b1Q_tZlsNsEMwUDGd0sClUenRThESFEhbZDO3W6M3-ANUkqiymuy7qhuTL2mCi6pguNKSf4Us9cj8wQE1LZsKPrueQcd7NxHf78fwox2I89CZodlEZzZn-iLr4QA75L-y>

- Mod.DHA]

 

[See Also:

2019

----

Fusarium head blight, wheat - China: (AH), alert https://url.emailprotection.link/?bPEba0u29r8tPOTAr1-t6lQRF1VEk--MMjYkO2wEpoo2usbjI9cOUrpE6MYBXSXACTaGdBWAJHdPbJ0MhQk9QGpOdK5L7YNM0Wy0_F0AcCnhFsAQfnLNchPCJpqAXep6T

2018

----

Gibberella ear rot, maize - Canada, USA

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bgls2lG8Pmqqj2wzYboGFSajE6rYjD-c0B3tFRtZfPTDqRFCSC0F2zTxDHoTQpv5QqbAr_Iyob9LlMj4ogkGgRiIgyMAg4voH76RXXWdzbHIhqTd7aMidxJ0HhGrAt2Sd

2016

----

Fusarium head blight, wheat - Canada: western https://url.emailprotection.link/?bB3SP0S_80V9-esmd1tGsQnMLN6xfFwxcLKkjJThe6DoMQSYidY0nwGk1wshClxdIWrBwdqSqcutiwQ1CXHIeUWUdvUbrKQ2ceY1bKpyu53sxGwGU7UTQT3iW14Fu8W1V

Fusarium diseases, wheat - Russia: (southern) https://url.emailprotection.link/?by2BIkOIZ4U8vUYlE-YaorhESq8_eOyTuPVem2bLx5EZNORe7izJz4fMSn3kyP2L-WHgeEIfi1JNghLhlsvAVpfuIFOMZLpjML-bCSABN5I9ywbTpC98oe9ZSBjxVD_Ns

2015

----

Fusarium head blight & stripe rust, wheat - USA: (MO) https://url.emailprotection.link/?bgls2lG8Pmqqj2wzYboGFSajE6rYjD-c0B3tFRtZfPTBhA1Pe_CB03pXwwr9vQxhRpJI-7Yrq73njKoP63MwR53XZFQG8DmpdIlspV4_J43LvAsBZE0fw3rrugt09EWHs

Fusarium head blight, wheat - USA: (LA)

https://url.emailprotection.link/?blAbrIGwibUaRvlFfLD1BFUt-OLtiERvzGWjV0Pha00PyyYPOVrqg7lIb5dq_l6SOuf4vLzOip-S7xt6l1YeGCqUZ9XK6I9OKBxlnwarMagLIoMPqJVK59kVqd8AWVFT4

Fusarium head blight, wheat - Canada: (AB) spread https://url.emailprotection.link/?bhupvtGMCj6uBtRml_vX8GQR2gdo1JIZrfVih88mWpKO03ONLqb0kZFPxwT-H9cMTMk_uqRxt0MFaq3Mf--FLd1SEfxVqt5FI_C28f9GurriqGWsexMyOyROu8up21Rbw

2013

----

Fungal diseases, barley - UK: (Scotland) alert

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bsnKEwy93XS5Q-Ck38PgShb2XBXAOJ0erXlowWZ8iZF0xybjFiL2kpIU4oN2tnsUYpsGkIZ1eqDR12KUokb9HlCxq1--kRUea87aUL74Lhv_Axej84SyiQVxA6avWlDd-

2012

----

Fusarium & undiagnosed blight, wheat - China https://url.emailprotection.link/?byGHvveR1xfp6D8KrZeunEms3eh8xJrzcBnoDaO0N51v6GPf_50PKv2Z6FGT2-NmFwXRtQDfOlLefK4cNE8GX6zZ-lqeCD-IFw86nuFriwIo_8iQCgkEvreyS9J3COePO

2011

----

Stripe rust & foot rot, wheat - USA, UK

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bC_obHvv8MI_dYwYtV48PisUS2vv5K_oL9h8bzUN2kjIFrFeqP4D6Lx4Yc010crOxJ52MWp6EHtHfsQzMgsefm-4UQDm951REvhhZZMLigjX3L-gldZF9XHHGCgZy-Nu_

Fusarium, maize - Peru: (JU) https://url.emailprotection.link/?b1BcLvk-re273JgKFyltE2Ux0FihbkuZLt8ik_SMYwalpljbYe88c15IfQ_2q1SsayMfKjYeq7Nykp2yxcUPy2tMadkCeClyn5OL_88tOiJyIjwNxTegDBFCLpN9i3RDI

2010

----

Fusarium head blight, cereals - UK: re-emergence https://url.emailprotection.link/?bxVux6PbL759f2-2-Nd8ufd-veWqWjOs7C3lLxgkPe8MX7nGmBUr86Qemz8d-e2uplv3H8h7TUt6V8X7SmcHLpslwnE4QA2VC3td8A5f0Tgmo_k9frrY5ep8cHbe7cbgh

Fusarium head blight & stagonospora, wheat - USA: (OH)

https://url.emailprotection.link/?b5jqQ25Tw6Byy8vljiL1Wv57lIUVnfHa6xLbytIkUw67pfldEQBq9s0RyUP9tBxmNAoO4NqFBZqLqvDpxlFPOgMGB_-tX07HJATNj7OjWbOpcfvsqVrW3quCeEh26-kq0

Fungal diseases, maize, wheat - USA

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bzZEdBes5KWQJ9pEJVH8P41hM2uGh0_1UTZnMzMX-1e4LPQCNVrHjN7Y1h2M-mfmbbwZ8dY57DokVMXyGx2GiPATHteqaaRN6jOmqIc_3au2ajYC2qlVrG9N_nG49xvHL

2009

----

Fusarium head blight, wheat - Canada: new strain https://url.emailprotection.link/?biTsx8oUKexJKltq2o9dsxUVQCOQKdrsXRckKjf1wu68fldZg3x49PAfHqqrN7NnE0TzX1wI_eyQsFvWeMN88-vW6TsE_JcBcKMexWZNMkkvikDbWI9ei-o7rfiMpqr_u

Fusarium head blight, wheat - Uruguay

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bgls2lG8Pmqqj2wzYboGFSajE6rYjD-c0B3tFRtZfPTAV5xum0cpmBVZNvpM9xKgTwlwQxG_aP-pN7bcl30BPJ60xupK3soaqVYda_RuRO5CV25fYB_jdFR8O7UVxFc9G

Fusarium species, maize - Switzerland

https://url.emailprotection.link/?bbNu5OfsqNpTu32GXoY-BpmXohDawV7DAA24rRYhz60ILxxq0DRXqT9SINouN1G4WxPQap-EEGjhuwDWIf81gDNrtY_lvVD_FbfiuJtez7fJ8BqaXwX7JWLgItX7b3itI

Fusarium head blight, oats - Canada: screening https://url.emailprotection.link/?bi8-5cxgtm387gHaM4Obm6RG-83WhaUFW71IpdbAi4MVJU2_eDxUHkrf7TS4vQlOiLdH42UfxLiHn7KpYXxfLAFHucG2dARrRHfhH5i8FDKsaBmof7-qKr9PycgSmQBvb

and additional items in the archives]



More news from: ISID (International Society for Infectious Diseases)


Website: http://www.isid.org

Published: February 15, 2021

The news item on this page is copyright by the organization where it originated
Fair use notice

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Archive of the news section


Copyright @ 1992-2024 SeedQuest - All rights reserved